11.Chapter Eleven: The Universal Form
12. Chapter Twelve: Devotional Service (Bhakti-yoga)
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All wondrous phenomena showing power, beauty, grandeur or sublimity, either in the material world or in the spiritual, are but partial manifestations of Krishna’s divine energies and opulence. As the supreme cause of all causes and the support and essence of everything, Krishna is the supreme object of worship for all beings.
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10.1 sri-bhagavan uvaca
bhuya eva maha-baho shrinu me paramam vacah
yat te ’ham priyamanaya vaksyami hita-kamyaya
“The Supreme Personality of Godhead said: Listen again, O mighty-armed Arjuna. Because you are My dear friend, for your benefit I shall speak to you further, giving knowledge that is better than what I have already explained.”
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10.2 na me viduh sura-ganah prabhavam na maharsayah
aham adir hi devanam maharsinam ca sarvasah
“Neither the hosts of demigods nor the great sages know My origin or opulences, for, in every respect, I am the source of the demigods and sages.”
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10.3 yo mam ajam anadim ca vetti loka-maheshvaram
asammudhah sa martyesu sarva-papaih pramucyate
“He who knows Me as the unborn, as the beginningless, as the Supreme Lord of all the worlds—he only, undeluded among men, is freed from all sins.”
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10.4 buddhir jnanam asammohah ksama satyam damah samah
sukham duhkham bhavo ’bhavo bhayam cabhayam eva ca
10.5 ahimsa samata tustis tapo danam yaso ’yasah
bhavanti bhava bhutanam matta eva prithag-vidhah
“Intelligence, knowledge, freedom from doubt and delusion, forgiveness, truthfulness, control of the senses, control of the mind, happiness and distress, birth, death, fear, fearlessness, nonviolence, equanimity, satisfaction, austerity, charity, fame and infamy—all these various qualities of living beings are created by Me alone.”
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10.6 maharsayah sapta purve catvaro manavas tatha
mad-bhava manasa jata yesham loka imah prajah
“The seven great sages and before them the four other great sages and the Manus [progenitors of mankind] come from Me, born from My mind, and all the living beings populating the various planets descend from them.”
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10.7 etam vibhutim yogam ca mama yo vetti tattvatah
so ’vikalpena yogena yujyate natra samsayah
“One who is factually convinced of this opulence and mystic power of Mine engages in unalloyed devotional service; of this there is no doubt.”
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10.8 aham sarvasya prabhavo mattah sarvam pravartate
iti matva bhajante mam budha bhava-samanvitah
“I am the source of all spiritual and material worlds. Everything emanates from Me. The wise who perfectly know this engage in My devotional service and worship Me with all their hearts.”
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10.9 mac-citta mad-gata-prana bodhayantah parasparam
kathayantas ca mam nityam tusyanti ca ramanti ca
“The thoughts of My pure devotees dwell in Me, their lives are fully devoted to My service, and they derive great satisfaction and bliss from always enlightening one another and conversing about Me.”
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10.10 tesam satata-yuktanam bhajatam priti-purvakam
dadami buddhi-yogam tam yena mam upayanti te
“To those who are constantly devoted to serving Me with love, I give the understanding by which they can come to Me.”
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10.11 tesam evanukampartham aham ajnana-jam tamah
nasayamy atma-bhava-stho jnana-dipena bhasvata
“To show them special mercy, I, dwelling in their hearts, destroy with the shining lamp of knowledge the darkness born of ignorance.”
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10.12 arjuna uvaca
param brahma param dhama pavitram paramam bhavan
purusham sasvatam divyam adi-devam ajam vibhum
10.13 ahus tvam rsayah sarve devarsir naradas tatha
asito devalo vyasah svayam caiva bravisi me
“Arjuna said: You are the Supreme Personality of Godhead, the ultimate abode, the purest, the Absolute Truth. You are the eternal, transcendental, original person, the unborn, the greatest. All the great sages such as Narada, Asita, Devala and Vyasa confirm this truth about You, and now You Yourself are declaring it to me.”
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10.14 sarvam etad rtam manye yan mam vadasi keshava
na hi te bhagavan vyaktim vidur deva na danavah
“O Krishna, I totally accept as truth all that You have told me. Neither the demigods nor the demons, O Lord, can understand Your personality.”
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10. 15svayam evatmanatmanam vettha tvam purushottama
bhuta-bhavana bhutesa deva-deva jagat-pate
“Indeed, You alone know Yourself by Your own internal potency, O Supreme Person, origin of all, Lord of all beings, God of gods, Lord of the universe!”
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10.16 vaktum arhasy asesena divya hy atma-vibhutayah
yabhir vibhutibhir lokan imams tvam vyapya tisthasi
“Please tell me in detail of Your divine opulences by which You pervade all these worlds.”
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10.17 katham vidyam aham yogims tvam sada paricintayan
kesu kesu ca bhavesu cintyo ’si bhagavan maya
“O Krishna, O supreme mystic, how shall I constantly think of You, and how shall I know You? In what various forms are You to be remembered, O Supreme Personality of Godhead?”
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10.18 vistarenatmano yogam vibhutim ca janardana
bhuyah kathaya trptir hi shrinvato nasti me ’mrtam
“O Janardana, again please describe in detail the mystic power of Your opulences. I am never satiated in hearing about You, for the more I hear the more I want to taste the nectar of Your words.”
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10.19 sri-bhagavan uvaca
hanta te kathayisyami divya hy atma-vibhutayah
pradhanyatah kuru-srestha nasty anto vistarasya me
“The Supreme Personality of Godhead said: Yes, I will tell you of My splendorous manifestations, but only of those which are prominent, O Arjuna, for My opulence is limitless.”
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10.20 aham atma gudakesha sarva-bhutasaya-sthitah
aham adis ca madhyam ca bhutanam anta eva ca
“I am the Supersoul, O Arjuna, seated in the hearts of all living entities. I am the beginning, the middle and the end of all beings.”
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10.21 adityanam aham vishnur jyotisam ravir amsuman
maricir marutam asmi nakshatranam aham sasi
“Of the Adityas I am Vishnu, of lights I am the radiant sun, of the Maruts I am Marici, and among the stars I am the moon.”
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10.22 vedanam sama-vedo ’smi devanam asmi vasavah
indriyanam manas casmi bhutanam asmi cetana
“Of the Vedas I am the Sama Veda; of the demigods I am Indra, the king of heaven; of the senses I am the mind; and in living beings I am the living force [consciousness].”
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10.23 rudranam sankaras casmi vitteso yaksha-rakshasam
vasunam pavakas casmi meruh sikharinam aham
“Of all the Rudras I am Lord Shiva, of the Yakshas and Rakshasas I am the Lord of wealth [Kuvera], of the Vasus I am fire [Agni], and of mountains I am Meru.”
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10.24 purodhasam ca mukhyam mam viddhi partha brihaspatim
senaninam aham skandah sarasam asmi sagarah
“Of priests, O Arjuna, know Me to be the chief, Brihaspati. Of generals I am Kartikeya, and of bodies of water I am the ocean.”
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10.25 maharsinam bhrgur aham giram asmy ekam aksharam
yajnanam japa-yajno ’smi sthavaranam himalayah
“Of the great sages I am Bhrgu; of vibrations I am the transcendental om. Of sacrifices I am the chanting of the holy names [japa], and of immovable things I am the Himalayas.”
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10.26 ashvatthah sarva-vrksanam devarsinam ca naradah
gandharvanam citrarathah siddhanam kapilo munih
“Of all trees I am the banyan tree, and of the sages among the demigods I am Narada. Of the Gandharvas I am Citraratha, and among perfected beings I am the sage Kapila.”
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10.27 uccaihsravasam asvanam viddhi mam amrtodbhavam
airavatam gajendranam naranam ca naradhipam
“Of horses know Me to be Uccaihsrava, produced during the churning of the ocean for nectar. Of lordly elephants I am Airavata, and among men I am the monarch.”
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10.28 ayudhanam aham vajram dhenunam asmi kamadhuk
prajanas casmi kandarpah sarpanam asmi vasukih
“Of weapons I am the thunderbolt; among cows I am the surabhi. Of causes for procreation I am Kandarpa, the god of love, and of serpents I am Vasuki.”
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10.29 anantas casmi naganam varuno yadasam aham
pitrnam aryama casmi yamah samyamatam aham
“Of the many-hooded Nagas I am Ananta, and among the aquatics I am the demigod Varuna. Of departed ancestors I am Aryama, and among the dispensers of law I am Yama, the lord of death.”
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10.30 prahladas casmi daityanam kalah kalayatam aham
mrganam ca mrgendro ’ham vainateyas ca paksinam
“Among the Daitya demons I am the devoted Prahlada, among subduers I am time, among beasts I am the lion, and among birds I am Garuda.”
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10.31 pavanah pavatam asmi ramah shastra-bhrtam aham
jhasanam makaras casmi srotasam asmi jahnavi
“Of purifiers I am the wind, of the wielders of weapons I am Rama, of fishes I am the shark, and of flowing rivers I am the Ganges.”
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10.32 sarganam adir antas ca madhyam caivaham arjuna
adhyatma-vidya vidyanam vadah pravadatam aham
“Of all creations I am the beginning and the end and also the middle, O Arjuna. Of all sciences I am the spiritual science of the self, and among logicians I am the conclusive truth.”
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10.33 aksharanam a-karo ’smi dvandvah samasikasya ca
aham evakshayah kalo dhataham vishvato-mukhah
“Of letters I am the letter A, and among compound words I am the dual compound. I am also inexhaustible time, and of creators I am Brahma.”
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10.34 mrityuh sarva-haras caham udbhavas ca bhavisyatam
kirtih srir vak ca narinam smritir medha dhrtih ksama
“I am all-devouring death, and I am the generating principle of all that is yet to be. Among women I am fame, fortune, fine speech, memory, intelligence, steadfastness and patience.”
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10.35 brihat-sama tatha samnam gayatri chandasam aham
masanam marga-sirso ’ham rtunam kusumakarah
“Of the hymns in the Sama Veda I am the Brihat-sama, and of poetry I am the Gayatri. Of months I am Margasirsa [November-December], and of seasons I am flower-bearing spring.”
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10.36 dyutam chalayatam asmi tejas tejasvinam aham
jayo ’smi vyavasayo ’smi sattvam sattvavatam aham
“I am also the gambling of cheats, and of the splendid I am the splendor. I am victory, I am adventure, and I am the strength of the strong.”
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10.37 vrsninam vasudevo ’smi pandavanam dhananjayah
muninam apy aham vyasah kavinam usana kavih
“Of the descendants of Vrishni I am Vasudeva, and of the Pandavas I am Arjuna. Of the sages I am Vyasa, and among great thinkers I am Usana.”
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10.38 dando damayatam asmi nitir asmi jigisatam
maunam caivasmi guhyanam jnanam jnanavatam aham
“Among all means of suppressing lawlessness I am punishment, and of those who seek victory I am morality. Of secret things I am silence, and of the wise I am the wisdom.”
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10.39 yac capi sarva-bhutanam bijam tad aham arjuna
na tad asti vina yat syan maya bhutam caracaram
“Furthermore, O Arjuna, I am the generating seed of all existences. There is no being—moving or nonmoving—that can exist without Me.”
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10.40 nanto ’sti mama divyanam vibhutinam parantapa
esa tuddesatah prokto vibhuter vistaro maya
“O mighty conqueror of enemies, there is no end to My divine manifestations. What I have spoken to you is but a mere indication of My infinite opulences.”
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10.41 yad yad vibhutimat sattvam srimad urjitam eva va
tat tad evavagaccha tvam mama tejo-’msa-sambhavam
“Know that all opulent, beautiful and glorious creations spring from but a spark of My splendor.”
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10.42 atha va bahunaitena kim jnatena tavarjuna
vistabhyaham idam krtsnam ekamsena sthito jagat
“But what need is there, Arjuna, for all this detailed knowledge? With a single fragment of Myself I pervade and support this entire universe.”
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Lord Krishna grants Arjuna divine vision and reveals His spectacular unlimited form as the cosmic universe. Thus He conclusively establishes His divinity. Krishna explains that His own all-beautiful humanlike form is the original form of Godhead. One can perceive this form only by pure devotional service.
11.1 arjuna uvaca
mad-anugrahaya paramam guhyam adhyatma-samjnitam
yat tvayoktam vacas tena moho ’yam vigato mama
“Arjuna said: By my hearing the instructions You have kindly given me about these most confidential spiritual subjects, my illusion has now been dispelled.”
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11.2 bhavapyayau hi bhutanam srutau vistaraso maya
tvattah kamala-patraksha mahatmyam api cavyayam
“O lotus-eyed one, I have heard from You in detail about the appearance and disappearance of every living entity and have realized Your inexhaustible glories.”
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11.3 evam etad yathattha tvam atmanam paramesvara
drastum icchami te rupam aishvaram purushottama
“O greatest of all personalities, O supreme form, though I see You here before me in Your actual position, as You have described Yourself, I wish to see how You have entered into this cosmic manifestation. I want to see that form of Yours.”
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11.4 manyase yadi tac chakyam maya drastum iti prabho
yogeshvara tato me tvam darsayatmanam avyayam
“If You think that I am able to behold Your cosmic form, O my Lord, O master of all mystic power, then kindly show me that unlimited universal Self.”
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11.5 sri-bhagavan uvaca
pasya me partha rupani sataso ’tha sahasrasah
nana-vidhani divyani nana-varnakritini ca
“The Supreme Personality of Godhead said: My dear Arjuna, O son of Pritha, see now My opulences, hundreds of thousands of varied divine and multicolored forms.”
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11.6 pasyadityan vasun rudran asvinau marutas tatha
bahuny adrsta-purvani pasyascaryani bharata
“O best of the Bharatas, see here the different manifestations of Adityas, Vasus, Rudras, Asvini-kumaras and all the other demigods. Behold the many wonderful things which no one has ever seen or heard of before.”
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11.7 ihaika-stham jagat krtsnam pasyadya sa-caracaram
mama dehe gudakesha yac canyad drastum icchasi
“O Arjuna, whatever you wish to see, behold at once in this body of Mine! This universal form can show you whatever you now desire to see and whatever you may want to see in the future. Everything—moving and nonmoving—is here completely, in one place.”
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11.8 na tu mam sakyase drastum anenaiva sva-caksusa
divyam dadami te caksuh pasya me yogam aishvaram
“But you cannot see Me with your present eyes. Therefore I give you divine eyes. Behold My mystic opulence!”
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11.9 sanjaya uvaca
evam uktva tato rajan maha-yogesvaro harih
darsayam asa parthaya paramam rupam aishvaram
Sanjaya said: O King, having spoken thus, the Supreme Lord of all mystic power, the Personality of Godhead, displayed His universal form to Arjuna.
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11.10 aneka-vaktra-nayanam anekadbhuta-darshanam
aneka-divyabharanam divyanekodyatayudham
11.11 divya-malyambara-dharam divya-gandhanulepanam
sarvascarya-mayam devam anantam vishvato-mukham
“Arjuna saw in that universal form unlimited mouths, unlimited eyes, unlimited wonderful visions. The form was decorated with many celestial ornaments and bore many divine upraised weapons. He wore celestial garlands and garments, and many divine scents were smeared over His body. All was wondrous, brilliant, unlimited, all-expanding.”
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11.12 divi surya-sahasrasya bhaved yugapad utthita
yadi bhah sadrsi sa syad bhasas tasya mahatmanah
“If hundreds of thousands of suns were to rise at once into the sky, their radiance might resemble the effulgence of the Supreme Person in that universal form.”
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11.13 tatraika-stham jagat krtsnam pravibhaktam anekadha
apasyad deva-devasya sarire pandavas tada
“At that time Arjuna could see in the universal form of the Lord the unlimited expansions of the universe situated in one place although divided into many, many thousands.”
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11.14 tatah sa vismayavisto hrsta-roma dhananjayah
pranamya sirasa devam kritanjalir abhasata
“Then, bewildered and astonished, his hair standing on end, Arjuna bowed his head to offer obeisances and with folded hands began to pray to the Supreme Lord.”
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11.15 arjuna uvaca
pasyami devams tava deva dehe sarvams tatha bhuta-visesa-sanghan
brahmanam isam kamalasana-stham rsims ca sarvan uragams ca divyan
“Arjuna said: My dear Lord Krishna, I see assembled in Your body all the demigods and various other living entities. I see Brahma sitting on the lotus flower, as well as Lord Shiva and all the sages and divine serpents.”
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11.16 aneka-bahudara-vaktra-netram pasyami tvam sarvato ’nanta-rupam
nantam na madhyam na punas tavadim pasyami visvesvara vishva-rupa
“O Lord of the universe, O universal form, I see in Your body many, many arms, bellies, mouths and eyes, expanded everywhere, without limit. I see in You no end, no middle and no beginning.”
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11.17 kiritinam gadinam cakrinam ca tejo-rasim sarvato diptimantam
pasyami tvam durniriksyam samantad diptanalarka-dyutim aprameyam
“Your form is difficult to see because of its glaring effulgence, spreading on all sides, like blazing fire or the immeasurable radiance of the sun. Yet I see this glowing form everywhere, adorned with various crowns, clubs and discs.”
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11.18 tvam aksharam paramam veditavyam tvam asya vishvasya param nidhanam
tvam avyayah sasvata-dharma-gopta sanatanas tvam purusho mato me
“You are the supreme primal objective. You are the ultimate resting place of all this universe. You are inexhaustible, and You are the oldest. You are the maintainer of the eternal religion, the Personality of Godhead. This is my opinion.”
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11.19 anadi-madhyantam ananta-viryam ananta-bahum sasi-surya-netram
pasyami tvam dipta-hutasa-vaktram sva-tejasa vishvam idam tapantam
“You are without origin, middle or end. Your glory is unlimited. You have numberless arms, and the sun and moon are Your eyes. I see You with blazing fire coming forth from Your mouth, burning this entire universe by Your own radiance.”
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11.20 dyav a-prithivyor idam antaram hi vyaptam tvayaikena disas ca sarvah
drishtvadbhutam rupam ugram tavedam loka-trayam pravyathitam mahatman
“Although You are one, You spread throughout the sky and the planets and all space between. O great one, seeing this wondrous and terrible form, all the planetary systems are perturbed.”
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11.21 ami hi tvam sura-sangha vishanti kecid bhitah pranjalayo grnanti
svastity uktva maharsi-siddha-sanghah stuvanti tvam stutibhih puskalabhih
“All the hosts of demigods are surrendering before You and entering into You. Some of them, very much afraid, are offering prayers with folded hands. Hosts of great sages and perfected beings, crying “All peace!” are praying to You by singing the Vedic hymns.”
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11.22 rudraditya vasavo ye ca sadhya visve ’svinau marutas cosmapas ca
gandharva-yakshasura-siddha-sangha viksante tvam vismitas caiva sarve
“All the various manifestations of Lord Shiva, the Adityas, the Vasus, the Sadhyas, the Visvedevas, the two Asvis, the Maruts, the forefathers, the Gandharvas, the Yakshas, the Asuras and the perfected demigods are beholding You in wonder.”
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11.23 rupam mahat te bahu-vaktra-netram maha-baho bahu-bahuru-padam
bahudaram bahu-damstra-karalam drishtva lokah pravyathitas tathaham
“O mighty-armed one, all the planets with their demigods are disturbed at seeing Your great form, with its many faces, eyes, arms, thighs, legs, and bellies and Your many terrible teeth; and as they are disturbed, so am I.”
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11.24 nabhah-sprsam diptam aneka-varnam vyattananam dipta-visala-netram
drishtva hi tvam pravyathitantar-atma dhrtim na vindami samam ca visno
“O all-pervading Vishnu, seeing You with Your many radiant colors touching the sky, Your gaping mouths, and Your great glowing eyes, my mind is perturbed by fear. I can no longer maintain my steadiness or equilibrium of mind.”
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11.25 damstra-karalani ca te mukhani drishtvaiva kalanala-sannibhani
diso na jane na labhe ca sarma prasida devesa jagan-nivasa
“O Lord of lords, O refuge of the worlds, please be gracious to me. I cannot keep my balance seeing thus Your blazing deathlike faces and awful teeth. In all directions I am bewildered.”
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11.26 ami ca tvam dhritarashtrasya putrah sarve sahaivavani-pala-sanghaih
bhismo dronah suta-putras tathasau sahasmadiyair api yodha-mukhyaih
11.27 vaktrani te tvaramana vishanti damstra-karalani bhayanakani
kecid vilagna dasanantaresu sandrsyante curnitair uttamangaih
“All the sons of Dhritarashtra, along with their allied kings, and Bhishma, Drona, Karna—and our chief soldiers also—are rushing into Your fearful mouths. And some I see trapped with heads smashed between Your teeth.”
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11.28 yatha nadinam bahavo ’mbu-vegah samudram evabhimukha dravanti
tatha tavami nara-loka-vira vishanti vaktrany abhivijvalanti
“As the many waves of the rivers flow into the ocean, so do all these great warriors enter blazing into Your mouths.”
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11.29 yatha pradiptam jvalanam patanga vishanti nasaya samrddha-vegah
tathaiva nasaya vishanti lokas tavapi vaktrani samrddha-vegah
“I see all people rushing full speed into Your mouths, as moths dash to destruction in a blazing fire.”
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11.30 lelihyase grasamanah samantal lokan samagran vadanair jvaladbhih
tejobhir apurya jagat samagram bhasas tavograh pratapanti visno
“O Vishnu, I see You devouring all people from all sides with Your flaming mouths. Covering all the universe with Your effulgence, You are manifest with terrible, scorching rays.”
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11.31 akhyahi me ko bhavan ugra-rupo namo ’stu te deva-vara prasida
vijnatum icchami bhavantam adyam na hi prajanami tava pravrttim
“O Lord of lords, so fierce of form, please tell me who You are. I offer my obeisances unto You; please be gracious to me. You are the primal Lord. I want to know about You, for I do not know what Your mission is.”
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11.32 sri-bhagavan uvaca
kalo ’smi loka-ksaya-krt pravrddho lokan samahartum iha pravrttah
rte ’pi tvam na bhavisyanti sarve ye ’vasthitah pratyanikesu yodhah
“The Supreme Personality of Godhead said: Time I am, the great destroyer of the worlds, and I have come here to destroy all people. With the exception of you [the Pandavas], all the soldiers here on both sides will be slain.”
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11.33 tasmat tvam uttistha yaso labhasva jitva satrun bhunksva rajyam samrddham
mayaivaite nihatah purvam eva nimitta-matram bhava savya-sacin
“Therefore get up. Prepare to fight and win glory. Conquer your enemies and enjoy a flourishing kingdom. They are already put to death by My arrangement, and you, O Savyasaci, can be but an instrument in the fight.”
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11.34 dronam ca bhismam ca jayadratham ca karnam tathanyan api yodha-viran
maya hatams tvam jahi ma vyathistha yudhyasva jetasi rane sapatnan
“Drona, Bhishma, Jayadratha, Karna and the other great warriors have already been destroyed by Me. Therefore, kill them and do not be disturbed. Simply fight, and you will vanquish your enemies in battle.”
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11.35 etac chrutva vacanam keshavasya kritanjalir vepamanah kiriti
namaskritva bhuya evaha krishnam sa-gadgadam bhita-bhitah pranamya
“Sanjaya said to Dhritarashtra: O King, after hearing these words from the Supreme Personality of Godhead, the trembling Arjuna offered obeisances with folded hands again and again. He fearfully spoke to Lord Krishna in a faltering voice, as follows.”
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11.36 arjuna uvaca
sthane hrishikesha tava prakirtya jagat prahrsyaty anurajyate ca
rakshamsi bhitani diso dravanti sarve namasyanti ca siddha-sanghah
“Arjuna said: O master of the senses, the world becomes joyful upon hearing Your name, and thus everyone becomes attached to You. Although the perfected beings offer You their respectful homage, the demons are afraid, and they flee here and there. All this is rightly done.”
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11.37 kasmac ca te na nameran mahatman gariyase brahmano ’py adi-kartre
ananta devesa jagan-nivasa tvam aksharam sad-asat tat param yat
“O great one, greater even than Brahma, You are the original creator. Why then should they not offer their respectful obeisances unto You? O limitless one, God of gods, refuge of the universe! You are the invincible source, the cause of all causes, transcendental to this material manifestation.”
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11.38 tvam adi-devah purushah puranas tvam asya vishvasya param nidhanam
vettasi vedyam ca param ca dhama tvaya tatam vishvam ananta-rupa
“You are the original Personality of Godhead, the oldest, the ultimate sanctuary of this manifested cosmic world. You are the knower of everything, and You are all that is knowable. You are the supreme refuge, above the material modes. O limitless form! This whole cosmic manifestation is pervaded by You!”
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11.39 vayur yamo ’gnir varunah sasankah prajapatis tvam prapitamahas ca
namo namas te ’stu sahasra-kritvah punas ca bhuyo ’pi namo namas te
“You are air, and You are the supreme controller! You are fire, You are water, and You are the moon! You are Brahma, the first living creature, and You are the great-grandfather. I therefore offer my respectful obeisances unto You a thousand times, and again and yet again!”
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11.40 namah purastad atha prsthatas te namo ’stu te sarvata eva sarva
ananta-viryamita-vikramas tvam sarvam samapnosi tato ’si sarvah
“Obeisances to You from the front, from behind and from all sides! O unbounded power, You are the master of limitless might! You are all-pervading, and thus You are everything!”
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11.41 sakheti matva prasabham yad uktam he krishna he yadava he sakheti
ajanata mahimanam tavedam maya pramadat pranayena vapi
11.42 yac cavahasartham asat-krto ’si vihara-sayyasana-bhojanesu
eko ’tha vapy acyuta tat-samaksham tat ksamaye tvam aham aprameyam
“Thinking of You as my friend, I have rashly addressed You “O Krishna,” “O Yadava,” “O my friend,” not knowing Your glories. Please forgive whatever I may have done in madness or in love. I have dishonored You many times, jesting as we relaxed, lay on the same bed, or sat or ate together, sometimes alone and sometimes in front of many friends. O infallible one, please excuse me for all those offenses.”
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11.43 pitasi lokasya caracarasya tvam asya pujyas ca gurur gariyan
na tvat-samo ’sty abhyadhikah kuto ’nyo loka-traye ’py apratima-prabhava
“You are the father of this complete cosmic manifestation, of the moving and the nonmoving. You are its worshipable chief, the supreme spiritual master. No one is equal to You, nor can anyone be one with You. How then could there be anyone greater than You within the three worlds, O Lord of immeasurable power?”
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11.44 tasmat pranamya pranidhaya kayam prasadaye tvam aham isam idyam
piteva putrasya sakheva sakhyuh priyah priyayarhasi deva sodhum
“You are the Supreme Lord, to be worshiped by every living being. Thus I fall down to offer You my respectful obeisances and ask Your mercy. As a father tolerates the impudence of his son, or a friend tolerates the impertinence of a friend, or a wife tolerates the familiarity of her partner, please tolerate the wrongs I may have done You.”
11.45 adrsta-purvam hrsito ’smi drishtva bhayena ca pravyathitam mano me
tad eva me darsaya deva rupam prasida devesa jagan-nivasa
“After seeing this universal form, which I have never seen before, I am gladdened, but at the same time my mind is disturbed with fear. Therefore please bestow Your grace upon me and reveal again Your form as the Personality of Godhead, O Lord of lords, O abode of the universe.”
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11.46 kiritinam gadinam cakra-hastam icchami tvam drastum aham tathaiva
tenaiva rupena catur-bhujena sahasra-baho bhava vishva-murte
“O universal form, O thousand-armed Lord, I wish to see You in Your four-armed form, with helmeted head and with club, wheel, conch and lotus flower in Your hands. I long to see You in that form.”
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11.47 sri-bhagavan uvaca
maya prasannena tavarjunedam rupam param darshitam atma-yogat
tejo-mayam vishvam anantam adyam yan me tvad anyena na drsta-purvam
“The Supreme Personality of Godhead said: My dear Arjuna, happily have I shown you, by My internal potency, this supreme universal form within the material world. No one before you has ever seen this primal form, unlimited and full of glaring effulgence.”
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11.48 na veda-yajnadhyayanair na danair na ca kriyabhir na tapobhir ugraih
evam-rupah sakya aham nr-loke drastum tvad anyena kuru-pravira
“O best of the Kuru warriors, no one before you has ever seen this universal form of Mine, for neither by studying the Vedas, nor by performing sacrifices, nor by charity, nor by pious activities, nor by severe penances can I be seen in this form in the material world.”
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11.49 ma te vyatha ma ca vimudha-bhavo drishtva rupam ghoram idrn mamedam
vyapeta-bhih prita-manah punas tvam tad eva me rupam idam prapasya
“You have been perturbed and bewildered by seeing this horrible feature of Mine. Now let it be finished. My devotee, be free again from all disturbances. With a peaceful mind you can now see the form you desire.”
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11.50 sanjaya uvaca
ity arjunam vasudevas tathoktva svakam rupam darsayam asa bhuyah
asvasayam asa ca bhitam enam bhutva punah saumya-vapur mahatma
“Sanjaya said to Dhritarashtra: The Supreme Personality of Godhead, Krishna, having spoken thus to Arjuna, displayed His real four-armed form and at last showed His two-armed form, thus encouraging the fearful Arjuna.”
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11.51 arjuna uvaca
drstvedam manusam rupam tava saumyam janardana
idanim asmi samvrttah sa-cetah prakritim gatah
“When Arjuna thus saw Krishna in His original form, he said: O Janardana, seeing this humanlike form, so very beautiful, I am now composed in mind, and I am restored to my original nature.”
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11.52 sri-bhagavan uvaca
su-durdarsham idam rupam drstavan asi yan mama
deva apy asya rupasya nityam darshana-kanksinah
“The Supreme Personality of Godhead said: My dear Arjuna, this form of Mine you are now seeing is very difficult to behold. Even the demigods are ever seeking the opportunity to see this form, which is so dear.”
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11.53 naham vedair na tapasa na danena na cejyaya
sakya evam-vidho drastum drstavan asi mam yatha
“The form you are seeing with your transcendental eyes cannot be understood simply by studying the Vedas, nor by undergoing serious penances, nor by charity, nor by worship. It is not by these means that one can see Me as I am.”
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11.54 bhaktya tv ananyaya sakya aham evam-vidho ’rjuna
jnatum drastum ca tattvena pravestum ca parantapa
“My dear Arjuna, only by undivided devotional service can I be understood as I am, standing before you, and can thus be seen directly. Only in this way can you enter into the mysteries of My understanding.”
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11.55 mat-karma-krn mat-paramo mad-bhaktah sanga-varjitah
nirvairah sarva-bhutesu yah sa mam eti pandava
“My dear Arjuna, he who engages in My pure devotional service, free from the contaminations of fruitive activities and mental speculation, he who works for Me, who makes Me the supreme goal of his life, and who is friendly to every living being—he certainly comes to Me.”
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Bhakti-yoga, pure devotional service to Lord Krishna, is the highest and most expedient means for attaining pure love for Krishna, which is the highest end of spiritual existence. Those who follow this supreme path develop divine qualities.
12.1 arjuna uvaca
evam satata-yukta ye bhaktas tvam paryupasate
ye capy aksharam avyaktam tesham ke yoga-vittamah
“Arjuna inquired: Which are considered to be more perfect, those who are always properly engaged in Your devotional service or those who worship the impersonal Brahman, the unmanifested?”
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12.2 sri-bhagavan uvaca
mayy avesya mano ye mam nitya-yukta upasate
shraddhaya parayopetas te me yuktatama matah
“The Supreme Personality of Godhead said: Those who fix their minds on My personal form and are always engaged in worshiping Me with great and transcendental faith are considered by Me to be most perfect.”
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12.3 ye tv aksharam anirdesyam avyaktam paryupasate
sarvatra-gam acintyam ca kuta-stham acalam dhruvam
12.4 sanniyamyendriya-gramam sarvatra sama-buddhayah
te prapnuvanti mam eva sarva-bhuta-hite ratah
“But those who fully worship the unmanifested, that which lies beyond the perception of the senses, the all-pervading, inconceivable, unchanging, fixed and immovable—the impersonal conception of the Absolute Truth—by controlling the various senses and being equally disposed to everyone, such persons, engaged in the welfare of all, at last achieve Me.”
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12.5 kleso ’dhikataras tesam avyaktasakta-cetasam
avyakta hi gatir duhkham dehavadbhir avapyate
“For those whose minds are attached to the unmanifested, impersonal feature of the Supreme, advancement is very troublesome. To make progress in that discipline is always difficult for those who are embodied.”
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12.6 ye tu sarvani karmani mayi sannyasya mat-parah
ananyenaiva yogena mam dhyayanta upasate
12.7 tesam aham samuddharta mrityu-samsara-sagarat
bhavami na cirat partha mayy avesita-cetasam
“But those who worship Me, giving up all their activities unto Me and being devoted to Me without deviation, engaged in devotional service and always meditating upon Me, having fixed their minds upon Me, O son of Pritha—for them I am the swift deliverer from the ocean of birth and death.”
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12.8 mayy eva mana adhatsva mayi buddhim nivesaya
nivasisyasi mayy eva ata urdhvam na samsayah
“Just fix your mind upon Me, the Supreme Personality of Godhead, and engage all your intelligence in Me. Thus you will live in Me always, without a doubt.”
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12.9 atha cittam samadhatum na saknosi mayi sthiram
abhyasa-yogena tato mam icchaptum dhananjaya
“My dear Arjuna, O winner of wealth, if you cannot fix your mind upon Me without deviation, then follow the regulative principles of bhakti-yoga. In this way develop a desire to attain Me.”
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12.10 abhyase ’py asamartho ’si mat-karma-paramo bhava
mad-artham api karmani kurvan siddhim avapsyasi
“If you cannot practice the regulations of bhakti-yoga, then just try to work for Me, because by working for Me you will come to the perfect stage.”
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12.11 athaitad apy asakto ’si kartum mad-yogam asritah
sarva-karma-phala-tyagam tatah kuru yatatmavan
“If, however, you are unable to work in this consciousness of Me, then try to act giving up all results of your work and try to be self-situated.”
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12.12 sreyo hi jnanam abhyasaj jnanad dhyanam visisyate
dhyanat karma-phala-tyagas tyagac chantir anantaram
“If you cannot take to this practice, then engage yourself in the cultivation of knowledge. Better than knowledge, however, is meditation, and better than meditation is renunciation of the fruits of action, for by such renunciation one can attain peace of mind.”
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12.13 advesta sarva-bhutanam maitrah karuna eva ca
nirmamo nirahankarah sama-duhkha-sukhah ksami
12.14 santustah satatam yogi yatatma drdha-niscayah
mayy arpita-mano-buddhir yo mad-bhaktah sa me priyah
“One who is not envious but is a kind friend to all living entities, who does not think himself a proprietor and is free from false ego, who is equal in both happiness and distress, who is tolerant, always satisfied, self-controlled, and engaged in devotional service with determination, his mind and intelligence fixed on Me—such a devotee of Mine is very dear to Me.”
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12.15 yasman nodvijate loko lokan nodvijate ca yah
harsamarsa-bhayodvegair mukto yah sa ca me priyah
“He for whom no one is put into difficulty and who is not disturbed by anyone, who is equipoised in happiness and distress, fear and anxiety, is very dear to Me.”
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12.16 anapeksah sucir daksha udasino gata-vyathah
sarvarambha-parityagi yo mad-bhaktah sa me priyah
“My devotee who is not dependent on the ordinary course of activities, who is pure, expert, without cares, free from all pains, and not striving for some result, is very dear to Me.”
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12.17 yo na hrsyati na dvesti na socati na kanksati
subhasubha-parityagi bhaktiman yah sa me priyah
“One who neither rejoices nor grieves, who neither laments nor desires, and who renounces both auspicious and inauspicious things—such a devotee is very dear to Me.”
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12.18 samah satrau ca mitre ca tatha manapamanayoh
sitosna-sukha-duhkhesu samah sanga-vivarjitah
12.19 tulya-ninda-stutir mauni santusto yena kenacit
aniketah sthira-matir bhaktiman me priyo narah
“One who is equal to friends and enemies, who is equipoised in honor and dishonor, heat and cold, happiness and distress, fame and infamy, who is always free from contaminating association, always silent and satisfied with anything, who doesn’t care for any residence, who is fixed in knowledge and who is engaged in devotional service—such a person is very dear to Me.”
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12.20 ye tu dharmamritam idam yathoktam paryupasate
sraddadhana mat-parama bhaktas te ’tiva me priyah
“Those who follow this imperishable path of devotional service and who completely engage themselves with faith, making Me the supreme goal, are very, very dear to Me.”
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